Oakland
Horizon
2024-25 - 2025-26 - 2026-27
Switch to All-time Team Page
All team stats adjusted for opponents. See methodology page for descriptions of rating types.

Predictive Rating -0.3 163
Results Rating -0.4 163
Consistency 0.18 335
Pace 73.2 62
Improvement -4.8 340

Overall 1st FGA Second Chance TOs Free
throws		 Shot Selection
Offense B- 95 C- C+ B B- C+
Defense D+ 287 D+ C- C- B+ C

Offense Breakdown
Attempts Conversion Rate Total Effect
Close Shots 44% 42 C- 56% 221 +2.4 94
2 Pt. Jumpers 40% 154 C 38% 185 -0.1 184
Three Pointers 36% 291 C- 33% 218 -3.2 288
Shot Selection/Accuracy C+ +0.4 124 C- -1.3 225
1st FG Attempt C- 1.00 198
Second Chance C 30.7% 171 B- 1.11 78 C+ 0.34 110
Opponents' Steals A- 7.2% 15
Other Turnovers C+ 7.1% 157
Turnovers B 14.2% 39
Freethrows C+ 0.32 127 B- 75% 111 B- 0.24 110
Total Offense B- +3.4 95

Assists Blocks (Opponents')
Close Shots B 56% 63 D+ 12.7% 289
2 Pt. Jumpers Shots B+ 38% 31 F 11.8% 363
Three Pointers C 84% 190 C- 1.2% 262
Total B- 60% 83 F 8.4% 361

Defense Breakdown
Attempts Conversion Rate Total Effect
Close Shots 36% 264 D 63% 307 +0.2 188
2 Pt. Jumpers 20% 183 F 46% 357 +1.6 309
Three Pointers 44% 95 C 34% 176 +1.3 253
Shot Selection/Accuracy C -0.1 139 D +3.2 308
1st FG Attempt D+ 1.08 283
Second Chance D- 34.9% 334 B- 0.97 81 C- 0.34 250
Turnovers from Steals B- 10.6% 95
Other Turnovers F 5.1% 360
Turnovers C- 15.7% 242
Freethrows A- 0.24 18 C 72% 184 B+ 0.17 22
Total Defense D+ -3.7 287

Assists Blocks
Close Shots F 64% 363 C+ 12.9% 97
2 Pt. Jumpers Shots F 52% 362 D+ 3.5% 260
Three Pointers F+ 92% 356 C- 0.6% 235
Total F 71% 362 C 5.6% 173

Miscellaneous
Offense Defense
Possession Length 16.9 120 16.8 84
Fast Break Points Per Possession 0.24 32 0.15 109
Consistency 0.13 199 0.16 357
Improvement -5.2 354 +0.4 159

NCAA Tournament Selection
At-Large Selection Status Out of Consideration
Projected Seeding Not in Tournament  

Prediction Ranges
Pessimistic
5th Percentile 		Expected
50th Percentile 		Optimistic
95th Percentile
Predictive Rating Rank 180 163 143
Results Rating Rank 199 169 124
Conference Record 12 - 8 13 - 7 13 - 7
Conference Finish 3 2 2
NCAA Tourney Seed None None 14
NCAA Tourney Finish None None 1st Round

NowWin NextLose Next
#1 Overall Seed 0% 0% 0%
#1 Seed 0% 0% 0%
Top 2 Seed 0% 0% 0%
Top 4 Seed 0% 0% 0%
Top 6 Seed 0% 0% 0%
NCAA Tourney Bid 21% 22% 19%
At-Large Bid if not Auto Qualifier 0% 0% 0%
Average Seed 14.3 14.2 14.9
.500 or above 92% 100% 64%
.500 or above in Conference 100% 100% 100%
Conference Champion 0% 0% 0%
Last Place in Conference 0% 0% 0%
First Four0% 0% 0%
First Round21% 22% 19%
Second Round0% 0% 0%
Sweet Sixteen0% 0% 0%
Elite Eight0% 0% 0%
Final Four0% 0% 0%
Championship Game0% 0% 0%
National Champion0% 0% 0%
Next Game: Detroit Mercy (Home) - 76.7% chance of victory

Projected Record by Quadrant
QuadProjectedProjected Cumulative
Quad 1a0 - 40 - 4
Quad 1b0 - 10 - 5
Quad 20 - 10 - 6
Quad 37 - 47 - 10
Quad 410 - 517 - 15


Date Opponent Result/Prediction Lead Record Total Rating Offense Defense
Avg Time Overall Conf Total First
FGA		 2nd Chance TOs Total First
FGA		 2nd Chance TOs
 Mon, Nov 3 1 @Michigan L 78 - 121 1% -27  0% 0 - 1 D- -13 A- +10 A+ D A F -19 F D F
 Fri, Nov 7 7 @Purdue L 77 - 87 2% -3  21% 0 - 2 B+ +14 A- +10 B- A A B +4 B A+ F
 Wed, Nov 12 6 @Houston L 45 - 78 2% -21  0% 0 - 3 D -9 F -12 D- D- B- C -0 B- C D
 Mon, Nov 17 45 @Central Florida L 83 - 87 9% -5  2% 0 - 4 B +11 B+ +9 C+ C A- C+ +1 C+ C- C
 Fri, Nov 21 247 @Eastern Michigan L 91 - 97 56% -1  30% 0 - 5 D+ -8 A +12 A C+ A F -20 F A- D+
 Mon, Nov 24 220 Lamar W 83 - 68 62% +4  68% 1 - 5 B+ +12 B +6 D+ A+ B- B +5 B F A+
 Tue, Nov 25 192 @Montana W 95 - 87 45% +4  75% 2 - 5 B +9 A +12 A D- B D+ -4 C- F C-
 Wed, Dec 3 259 Purdue Fort Wayne W 101 - 92 78% +8  92% 3 - 5 1 - 0 C +1 A +12 B+ C+ A F -12 D- D+ F
 Sat, Dec 6 164 Toledo W 98 - 97 62% -1  32% 4 - 5 C- -2 B+ +8 C B A+ F -10 D F C
 Sat, Dec 13 95 @Northern Iowa L 63 - 75 19% -5  11% 4 - 6 C- -3 D- -7 D+ C F B +4 B- B+ F+
 Wed, Dec 17 191 @Northern Kentucky W 82 - 77 45% +2  67% 5 - 6 2 - 0 B- +6 B- +5 D F+ A+ C+ +1 C+ C F+
 Sat, Dec 20 10 Michigan St. L 70 - 79 4% -4  24% 5 - 7 B +11 B+ +8 A C C- B- +2 A- C+ C-
 Mon, Dec 29 162 @Wright St. L 73 - 88 38% -14  1% 5 - 8 2 - 1 D- -12 D+ -3 F D D+ F+ -9 F C+ B-
 Thu, Jan 1 204 @Youngstown St. W 85 - 83 47% -4  21% 6 - 8 3 - 1 C+ +3 A+ +16 A B A F -13 B- F F
 Sun, Jan 4 161 Robert Morris W 96 - 73 61% +14  94% 7 - 8 4 - 1 A +20 A+ +20 C+ A+ A+ C -0 C- A- D-
 Fri, Jan 9 316 Cleveland St. W 97 - 72 88% +13  90% 8 - 8 5 - 1 B+ +12 B- +4 F A+ C- B+ +6 A+ F+ D+
 Sun, Jan 11 162 Wright St. L 84 - 94 61% -17  0% 8 - 9 5 - 2 D- -13 C+ +2 C- D A+ F -15 F A- A+
 Thu, Jan 15 263 @Wisconsin-Milwaukee W 73 - 60 59% +9  99% 9 - 9 6 - 2 B +10 F+ -9 F A- F A+ +19 A+ C+ B-
 Sun, Jan 18 227 @Green Bay W 88 - 63 51% +11  87% 10 - 9 7 - 2 A+ +24 A+ +17 B+ A+ C A +9 B- A- C+
 Wed, Jan 21 326 IU Indianapolis L 85 - 103 89% -8  12% 10 - 10 7 - 3 F -31 C -0 F B+ A F -31 F F D
 Sat, Jan 24 254 @Detroit Mercy W 95 - 87 57% +4  82% 11 - 10 8 - 3 B- +6 A+ +19 A- C+ A+ F -13 F C- C
 Wed, Jan 28 259 @Purdue Fort Wayne W 74 - 65 58% +1  59% 12 - 10 9 - 3 B- +7 C- -2 D F+ A A +9 A+ F F+
 Sun, Feb 1 191 Northern Kentucky W 76 - 65 67% +2  62% 13 - 10 10 - 3 B- +6 D- -7 F A+ B- A+ +12 A+ B+ D-
 Wed, Feb 4 316 @Cleveland St. L 78 - 91 73% +2  69% 13 - 11 10 - 4 F -20 D- -7 F+ D- D- F -12 F B- D
 Thu, Feb 12 204 Youngstown St. L 82 - 86 69% -3  14% 13 - 12 10 - 5 D -9 B- +5 A C C F -14 D- D- C-
 Sun, Feb 15 161 @Robert Morris L 69 - 93 38% -7  12% 13 - 13 10 - 6 F -21 C- -2 D D- C+ F -21 F F C-
 Fri, Feb 20 227 Green Bay L 68 - 73 73% -3  16% 13 - 14 10 - 7 D- -12 D- -7 F A+ F+ D -6 C- D+ D-
 Sun, Feb 22 263 Wisconsin-Milwaukee W 81 - 70 79% +2  55% 14 - 14 11 - 7 C+ +2 B +6 B+ B- B C- -3 C+ F A+
 Wed, Feb 25 326 @IU Indianapolis W 86 - 74 75% +12  98% 15 - 14 12 - 7 C+ +5 C+ +2 C D+ A+ C+ +2 F B- B+
 Sat, Feb 28 254 Detroit Mercy W 87 - 79 77%
Totals 16 - 14 13 - 7 +0 B- +3 F C- C+ D+ -4 C- B- B-



Game Detail
Grades are adjusted for opponent strength in each category. Game stats are not adjusted for oppoent strength. See methodology page for descriptions of rating types.
Offense Defense
Tot Off First Field Goal Attempt Second Chance TOs Freethrows Tot Def First Field Goal Attempt Second Chance TOs Freethrows
Shot Accuracy Shot Selection Points Per Shot Shot Accuracy Shot Selection Points Per Shot
2 C 2 L 3 Tot 2 C 2 L 3 Tot Off Reb PPP Tot Att Perc Tot 2 C 2 L 3 Tot 2 C 2 L 3 Tot Off Reb PPP Tot Att Perc Tot
Season Ratings B- C- C C- C- 44% 40% 36% C+ C- C B- C+ B C+ B- B- D+ D F C D 36% 20% 44% C D+ D- B- C- C- A- C B+
1.14 56% 38% 33% -1 0 1.00 31% 1.1 .34 14% .32 75% .24 1.14 63% 46% 34% +3 0 1.08 35% 1.0 .34 16% .24 72% .23
Nov
3		 Michigan A- D- A+ A+ A+ 31% 28% 41% B- A+ F A+ D A C+ A+ B+ F F F F F 32% 15% 53% A F A+ F D F A+ F A+
1.00 42% 47% 40% +1 -1 1.02 13% 1.4 .18 14% .23 87% .20 1.56 85% 56% 52% +25 0 1.53 26% 2.3 .61 10% .19 92% .17
Nov
7		 Purdue A- A+ F C- B 22% 33% 45% D B- A B+ A A C- A C+ B F B- B- B 28% 22% 50% C+ B A+ A+ A+ F A- A A
1.10 83% 28% 32% +1 -3 0.98 32% 1.2 .37 13% .20 75% .15 1.24 82% 38% 33% +6 -1 1.13 29% 0.9 .26 7% .23 67% .15
Nov
12		 Houston F F+ F F F+ 42% 30% 28% C D- C F D- B- D+ C- D+ C F A- B+ C+ 24% 35% 42% B B- F A- C D A+ A+ A+
0.73 44% 23% 25% -14 -1 0.72 26% 0.6 .16 21% .31 67% .20 1.26 92% 32% 30% +4 -3 1.04 45% 0.9 .40 10% .14 63% .09
Nov
17		 Central Florida B+ F D+ A+ C 44% 15% 40% B+ C+ B- F+ C A- A+ A+ A+ C+ B F B- C+ 38% 21% 40% C C+ F+ B+ C- C F B F
1.14 43% 38% 43% -1 +1 1.02 28% 0.9 .25 14% .42 85% .35 1.20 55% 64% 33% +4 0 1.10 42% 1.1 .45 15% .41 72% .29
Nov
21		 Eastern Michigan A C A+ A+ A- 51% 12% 37% A- A D+ A C+ A C- D+ C- F F F F F 40% 20% 40% F+ F A+ C A- D+ C+ F D+
1.22 57% 57% 41% +5 +2 1.17 27% 1.2 .32 11% .30 70% .21 1.31 73% 82% 45% +21 0 1.45 17% 1.0 .17 16% .24 87% .21
Nov
24		 Lamar B A F F D 50% 17% 33% B+ D+ C+ A+ A+ B- A+ C- A+ B B- C+ A B+ 27% 31% 42% C- B F+ F+ F A+ D- C+ D
1.17 71% 25% 19% -3 +1 0.98 32% 1.6 .53 16% .53 69% .37 0.96 50% 38% 27% -7 -2 0.85 39% 1.1 .44 23% .29 69% .20
Nov
25		 Montana A A+ F A+ A+ 49% 25% 26% C+ A B+ F D- B A+ B A+ D+ C+ D- F+ C- 47% 16% 36% D C- F F F C- D- A+ B-
1.22 77% 23% 43% +9 0 1.21 35% 0.6 .22 13% .46 74% .34 1.12 58% 44% 40% +4 +1 1.13 31% 1.4 .42 19% .35 59% .21
Dec
3		 Purdue Fort Wayne A A+ F A A- 34% 20% 46% D B+ D+ A C+ A A C A F D A- D- D- 37% 11% 52% D+ D- C D- D+ F D B C-
1.31 89% 9% 42% +11 0 1.23 31% 1.3 .40 14% .36 75% .27 1.20 63% 29% 38% +4 +1 1.12 22% 1.1 .24 10% .29 65% .19
Dec
6		 Toledo B+ C A+ F+ D+ 67% 6% 27% A+ C F A+ B A+ B- D+ C+ F C- F A+ D- 46% 25% 29% D+ D F C+ F C A- D+ B+
1.26 60% 50% 29% +1 +4 1.11 21% 2.0 .41 6% .27 70% .19 1.24 59% 88% 22% +8 0 1.17 45% 0.9 .42 15% .21 79% .17
Dec
13		 Northern Iowa D- D D F D- 62% 6% 33% A+ D+ C- B C F A F B- B C B- B- B- 48% 15% 37% D+ B- C A+ B+ F+ F A+ F
0.86 50% 33% 24% -10 +4 0.88 23% 1.0 .23 23% .34 63% .21 1.03 60% 38% 32% 0 +1 1.04 22% 0.8 .16 11% .42 59% .25
Dec
17		 Northern Kentucky B- D B- C- D 45% 22% 33% C D C F F+ A+ A+ C- A C+ F B+ A+ C 40% 17% 43% C+ C+ D+ B C F+ A+ D- A
1.13 52% 42% 33% -2 0 0.98 32% 0.8 .27 14% .46 69% .32 1.06 70% 30% 24% -3 +1 0.97 33% 0.9 .30 14% .19 75% .14
Dec
20		 Michigan St. B+ F C+ A+ A 41% 22% 37% B A C- B- C C- C- A+ B B- F A+ A- A- 31% 29% 41% B A- D+ B C+ C- D C+ D
1.03 43% 36% 47% +1 0 1.04 18% 0.8 .15 18% .23 92% .21 1.16 80% 21% 30% 0 -2 0.98 43% 1.0 .43 16% .40 74% .30
Dec
29		 Wright St. D+ F B F+ F 41% 22% 37% C- F B+ F D D+ A+ C+ A+ F+ C- C- F F 48% 21% 31% D+ F C- B- C+ B- F+ D F
1.03 45% 45% 28% -7 0 0.88 38% 0.7 .25 18% .52 73% .38 1.24 61% 40% 60% +14 +1 1.31 32% 1.0 .32 18% .38 77% .29
Jan
1		 Youngstown St. A+ A+ F A+ A+ 41% 24% 34% C- A D+ A+ B A A+ C- A+ F F A+ B+ B 31% 12% 58% C B- F F+ F F F+ D F
1.29 76% 20% 50% +11 0 1.24 28% 1.3 .36 14% .60 74% .44 1.26 75% 0% 30% -3 +1 0.98 42% 1.2 .49 11% .34 75% .25
Jan
4		 Robert Morris A+ C A+ F B 35% 31% 33% F C+ A- A+ A+ A+ A+ A+ A+ C F C+ A- D 33% 33% 33% A C- B- A A- D- D- C- D-
1.41 59% 73% 19% +4 -2 1.06 37% 1.2 .44 9% .59 89% .53 1.07 76% 35% 29% +3 -2 1.04 32% 0.9 .30 15% .29 71% .21
Jan
9		 Cleveland St. B- D+ A F F 42% 14% 44% B- F A+ C+ A+ C- A+ A+ A+ B+ F D A+ A+ 34% 28% 38% A- A+ F A- F+ D+ A+ D A+
1.31 60% 50% 23% -5 +1 0.95 53% 1.1 .60 16% .43 89% .39 0.97 71% 41% 9% -9 -1 0.82 39% 0.9 .35 16% .16 80% .13
Jan
11		 Wright St. C+ C- B- C C 40% 31% 29% D- C- F A+ D A+ A+ C A+ F F+ F F F 36% 32% 32% A F F A+ A- A+ B F D-
1.15 57% 44% 33% +1 -1 1.02 19% 1.3 .24 8% .48 72% .34 1.28 68% 59% 53% +19 -2 1.38 42% 0.6 .25 25% .27 100% .27
Jan
15		 Wisconsin-Milwaukee F+ D+ F F F 54% 16% 30% B F C A+ A- F A B+ A+ A+ B B- A+ A+ 46% 25% 30% D+ A+ D- A C+ B- D+ A+ B-
0.98 56% 13% 20% -12 +2 0.82 31% 1.5 .44 21% .41 79% .32 0.81 50% 36% 6% -17 0 0.68 36% 0.9 .32 17% .29 56% .16
Jan
18		 Green Bay A+ B D+ A+ A- 52% 26% 22% C+ B+ A+ D A+ C A+ F B A F F A+ C 28% 26% 47% A+ B- C- A+ A- C+ A F B
1.38 67% 33% 50% +8 0 1.20 53% 1.1 .56 14% .47 62% .29 0.98 77% 50% 23% 0 -1 1.00 25% 0.6 .16 17% .26 86% .23
Jan
21		 IU Indianapolis C F F A+ F 49% 8% 43% B- F C- A+ B+ A A F B- F F F F F 25% 42% 33% A+ F F B- F D A+ B A+
1.19 42% 0% 43% -5 +2 0.96 34% 1.5 .53 14% .49 63% .31 1.44 80% 64% 50% +24 -4 1.43 48% 1.0 .48 14% .05 67% .03
Shot Accuracy Shot Selection PPS 2nd Chance TOs Freethrows Shot Accuracy Shot Selection PPS 2nd Chance TOs Freethrows
Jan
24		 Detroit Mercy A+ A- A+ D+ B+ 53% 11% 36% B+ A- B- C C+ A+ B+ A+ A+ F F F F F 18% 34% 48% B- F F B+ C- C A+ F A
1.38 68% 50% 32% +5 +2 1.17 34% 1.1 .38 7% .41 85% .34 1.26 70% 63% 41% +16 -3 1.27 39% 0.8 .30 16% .14 100% .14
Jan
28		 Purdue Fort Wayne C- D+ F B D- 52% 8% 40% A- D D+ F F+ A A- D- B A A+ F A- A+ 37% 3% 59% F A+ C+ F F F+ A+ A+ A+
1.07 56% 0% 38% -2 +3 1.04 31% 0.8 .25 14% .34 70% .24 0.94 36% 50% 29% -13 +2 0.81 20% 1.7 .34 12% .11 57% .07
Feb
1		 Northern Kentucky D- F A+ F F 56% 15% 30% A- F C A+ A+ B- B C+ B A+ B+ B- A+ A+ 35% 10% 55% D+ A+ C+ A- B+ D- A A+ A+
1.00 37% 63% 19% -15 +2 0.76 33% 1.7 .56 18% .39 71% .27 0.85 50% 33% 21% -14 +1 0.76 28% 0.9 .24 14% .20 62% .12
Feb
4		 Cleveland St. D- A- B F F+ 36% 22% 42% D+ F+ D- D+ D- D- B B+ A- F B- F F F 27% 11% 63% C- F F A+ B- D B- C- C+
1.09 72% 45% 24% 0 0 1.02 30% 1.0 .30 18% .36 81% .29 1.28 53% 50% 49% +14 0 1.30 41% 0.6 .23 15% .30 78% .23
Feb
12		 Youngstown St. B- C- A+ A- A 33% 19% 48% C- A D- A+ C C F F F F F F C F+ 25% 13% 62% B D- F A- D- C- D- F F
1.17 59% 70% 40% +11 0 1.23 24% 1.3 .31 19% .26 67% .18 1.23 77% 57% 33% +7 0 1.15 42% 0.9 .36 19% .32 100% .32
Feb
15		 Robert Morris C- F+ B D F+ 56% 16% 29% B+ D B- F D- C+ B+ A A F F F F F 38% 11% 51% F F F F+ F C- B+ A+ A+
1.04 48% 43% 31% -6 +2 0.93 32% 0.6 .19 15% .43 83% .36 1.41 80% 50% 41% +15 +1 1.34 44% 1.3 .56 17% .18 40% .07
Feb
20		 Green Bay D- F B F F 19% 36% 45% F F A+ A+ A+ F+ C- A+ A D A+ D- F D+ 35% 23% 42% B+ C- D+ D+ D+ D- A F B
1.08 33% 41% 19% -14 -3 0.68 45% 1.4 .63 17% .33 100% .33 1.16 41% 45% 45% +3 -1 1.06 26% 1.1 .29 13% .27 87% .24
Feb
22		 Wisconsin-Milwaukee B A+ F A+ A 33% 29% 39% F B+ D+ A+ B- B B- F C- C- A F A- B 34% 13% 53% F+ C+ F D- F A+ A F B+
1.24 75% 29% 47% +11 -1 1.20 27% 1.4 .39 14% .35 65% .23 1.07 44% 67% 28% -6 +1 0.91 46% 1.2 .56 23% .18 78% .14
Feb
25		 IU Indianapolis C+ C F A- D+ 72% 9% 19% A C D C+ D+ A+ D- F F C+ B+ F F F 40% 11% 49% F F B- B- B- B+ C+ A+ A-
1.18 62% 20% 40% +2 +4 1.15 32% 1.2 .39 12% .35 64% .22 1.02 52% 50% 46% +8 +1 1.21 25% 1.0 .25 19% .17 40% .07



Numbers in tables represent percent chance of outcome occurring.



Projected Horizon Finish

0-20 1-19 2-18 3-17 4-16 5-15 6-14 7-13 8-12 9-11 10-10 11-9 12-8 13-7 14-6 15-5 16-4 17-3 18-2 19-1 20-0 Total
1st 1st
2nd 2.9 76.7 79.6 2nd
3rd 20.4 20.4 3rd
4th 4th
5th 5th
6th 6th
7th 7th
8th 8th
9th 9th
10th 10th
11th 11th
Total 23.3 76.7 Total



Horizon Regular Season Championship

Record Champion Total Outright 2-Way 3-Way 4-Way 5-Way 6-Way 7-Way 8-Way
20-0
19-1
18-2
17-3
16-4
15-5
14-6
13-7 0.0%
12-8 0.0%
11-9
10-10
Total



NCAA Tournament Selection

Conf RecordRecord ChanceTourney
Bid		AutoAt-LargeAvg
Seed		 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 No Bid At-Large if not Auto
20-0
19-1
18-2
17-3
16-4
15-5
14-6
13-7 76.7% 21.8% 21.8% 14.2 0.0 1.7 10.0 5.1 0.0 60.0
12-8 23.3% 18.7% 18.7% 14.9 0.0 0.7 3.4 0.2 18.9
11-9
10-10
9-11
8-12
7-13
6-14
5-15
4-16
3-17
2-18
1-19
0-20
Total 100% 21.1% 21.1% 0.0% 14.3 78.9 0.0%


Best / Worst Case Scenarios

ChanceTourney
Bid		Avg
Seed		 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Win Out 16.8% 100.0% 14.2 0.1 10.2 59.5 30.1 0.1
Win Out, Lose in Conf. Tourney Championship 11.7%
Win Out, Lose in Conf. Tourney Semi-Final 22.1%
Lose Out 8.4%